- e-Mentor : KERMI e-Mentor
Environmental Monitoring and Pollution Control
KEMA REVISION AND MENTORSHIP INITIATIVE (KERMI)
DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
E-HUB PORTAL SERVICES
COURSE TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND POLLUTION
CONTROL
COURSE CODE: EMPC 312
INTRODUCTION
The course provides students with an understanding of environmental monitoring and pollution control. The students will be made to demonstrate the knowledge, skills and attitudes in specific areas of environmental monitoring and pollution control, and be able to enforce environmental management laws.
COURSE AIM
To enable the students, demonstrate the knowledge, skills and attitudes in environmental monitoring and pollution control.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Explain key concepts used in environmental monitoring and pollution control.
2. Describe the causes, effects and control measures of water pollution.
3. Explain the causes, effects and control measures of air pollution
4. Explain the causes, effects and control measures of soil pollution 5. Describe the causes, effects and control measures for noise pollution.
6. Describe the human health hazards associated with radiations
7. Describe current environmental issues
8. Describe the role of environmental education in environmental management.
9. Discuss strategic environmental assessment
COURSE COMPETENCIES
1. Identify the Links between environmental pollution and health
2. Explain key concepts used environment monitoring and pollution control.
3. Enforce environmental management laws
4. Describe international conventions and protocols in environmental management.
5. Categorize pollutants
6. Categorize types of pollution
7. Describe the causes, effects and control measures of water pollution.
8. Explain the causes, effects and control measures of air pollution.
9. Explain the causes, effects and control measures of soil pollution.
10. Describe the causes, effects and control measures for noise pollution.
11. Describe the human health hazards associated with ionising radiations.
12. Describe the role of environmental education in environmental management.
13. State the objectives of environmental impact assessment.
14. Outline the stages involved in strategic environmental assessment in Zambia.
15. Explain the importance of public involvement in environmental impact assessment
16. Evaluate environmental impact assessment reports
17. Conduct impact management and monitoring
18. Characterize the association between environmental pollution and the health outcomes
19. Identify various forms pollutants may take
COURSE CONTENT
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION:
1.1 Definition of the following terms: environment; environmental monitoring; pollution; and pollution control.
1.2 Legal and institutional framework for environmental management in Zambia
1.3 International conventions and protocols in environmental management: Rotterdam Convention; Stockholm Convention; and Basel convention
1.4 Categories of pollutants:
1.4.1 point sources; and
1.4.2 non-point sources
1.5 Types of pollution: water pollution; air pollution; soil pollution, noise pollution and radiation hazards.
UNIT 2: WATER POLLUTION
2.1 Definition of water pollution
2.2 Sources of water pollution
2.2.1 Point sources
2.2.2 Non-point sources
2.3 Categories of water pollutants
2.4 Effects of water pollution on human health and the environment
2.5 Water quality monitoring
2.6 Water pollution control
UNIT 3: AIR POLLUTION
3.1 Definition of air pollution
3.2 Primary and secondary air pollutants
3.3 Potential causes of air pollution
3.4 Sources and effects of air pollution on human health and the environment
3.4.1 Carbon monoxide
3.4.2 Ground-level ozone
3.4.3 Lead
3.4.4 Sulphur dioxide
3.4.5 Particulate matter
3.4.6 Nitrogen dioxide
3.4.7 Dust fall
3.5 Air quality monitoring
3.6 Air pollution control
UNIT 4: SOIL POLLUTION
4.1 Definition of soil pollution,
4.2 Potential causes of soil pollution,
4.3 Effects of soil pollution on human health and the environment
4.4 Soil quality monitoring
4.5 Soil pollution control
UNIT 5: NOISE POLLUTION
5.1 Definition of noise pollution
5.2 Causes of noise pollution
5.3 Effects of noise pollution on human health and the environment
5.4 Methods of detecting and measuring noise pollution
5.5 Noise pollution control
UNIT 6: RADIATION HAZARDS
6.1 Definition of radiation
6.2 Use of radiation rays
6.3 Types of radiations
6.4 Nature and properties of ionising radiations
6.5 Hazards associated with ionising radiations on human health and the environment
6.6 Monitoring ionising radiations
6.7 Control of ionising radiation hazards
UNIT 7: CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
7.1 Ozone layer depletion
7.1.1 Definition of ozone layer
7.1.2 Causes of ozone layer depletion
7.1.3 Effects of ozone layer depletion on human health and the environment
7.1.4 Mitigation measures against ozone layer depletion
7.2 Acid rain
7.2.1 Introduction
7.2.2 Causes of acid rain
7.2.3 Effects of acid rain on human health and the environment
7.2.4 Preventing acid rain
7.3 Climate change and public health
7.3.1 Introduction to climate change
7.3.2 Natural greenhouse effect and enhanced greenhouse effect
7.3.3 Impacts of climate change on human health
7.3.4 Mitigation and adaptation to climate change
UNIT 8: ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
8.1 Definition and scope of environmental education
8.2 The role of environmental education in environmental management.
UNIT 9: STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
9.1 Defining strategic environmental assessment and environmental impact assessment
9.2 Aims/objectives of environmental impact assessment
9.3 Environmental impact assessment practice step-by-step
9.4 Public involvement in environmental impact assessment
MATERIALS /EQUIPMENT
1. Computers
2. Calculators
3. Smart Phone
4. Mentorship e-Hub
TRAINING METHODS
1. E-Lectures
2. Practical
3. Demonstrations
4. Field visits
5. Group discussions
|
CONTACT HOURS: |
64 HOURS |
|
1. Lectures |
2 hours per week |
|
2. Practical
ASSESSMENT METHODS |
2 hours per week |
|
1. Continuous assessment |
40 % |
|
1.1 2 Tests |
20% |
|
1.2 2 Assignments |
10% |
|
1.3 Practical (computer lab)
|
10% |
|
2. Final Examinations |
60% |
|
2.1 Theory |
40% |
|
2.2 Practical |
20% |
PRESCRIBED READINGS
Accessible to Registered Members Only
RECOMMENDED READINGS
Accessible to Registered Members Only
Visit our e-Hub Portal @ https://kermihub.kermiz.com
Click on Go to the Course Now
- e-Mentor : KERMI e-Mentor
HMIS 312: Health Management Information System
KEMA REVISION AND MENTORSHIP INITIATIVE (KERMI)
DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
E-HUB PORTAL SERVICES
COURSE TITLE: HEALTH MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
COURSE CODE: HMIS 312
INTRODUCTION
This course provides students with background knowledge of information management and its application in the health sector.
COURSE AIM
To equip students with knowledge and skills in data handling, analysis, interpretation and presentation for delivery of quality health services
COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Equip the student with background knowledge of information management in the health sector.
2. Discuss the various principles of data collection
3. Describe tools used at each stage of the information cycle in collecting quality data.
4. Illustrate various ways in which data can be produced and processed
5. Describe ways in which quality data can be assured
6. Discuss data security and personal health information
7. Equip the student with background knowledge and skills of data analysis
8. Equip the learner with knowledge and skills of presenting data using various methods according to the nature of the data
9. Equip learners with skills of interpreting information effectively
10.Discuss data submission in context with feedback mechanisms.
11.Enable learners to demonstrate the ability to set realistic goals, objectives and targets in the management and planning/decision making, the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of operational plans.
12.Describe SmartCare application as a tool for generating reports, produce graphs and maps
13. Equip the learners with knowledge of interpreting laws and regulations related to health information management.
COURSE COMPETENCES
1. Apply principles of information management at any level.
2. Use appropriate tools for data collection in the information cycle.
3. Demonstrate methods of data collation and processing.
4. Identify appropriate indicators for each programme
5. Use indicators in the planning cycle and epidemiological studies
6. Apply standard formulas for data analysis and Interpret data correctly for decision making processes.
7. Utilizes appropriate performance indicators for measuring staff work performance/and or self-assessment.
8. Prepare reports based on data collected
9. Present data using various methods according to the nature of the data
10. Use SmartCare for in-putting the collected data
11.Implement security measures for authority of access to data
12.Employ regulations on access and disclosure of personal health information in a health facility.
13.Monitor the operationalization of set goals, objectives and targets in the management and planning/decision making
14.Evaluate from time to time the set goals, objectives and targets in the management and planning/decision making
15.Demonstrate the ability to set realistic goals, objectives and targets in the management and planning/decision making, the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of operational plans.
16.Develop action plan based on health information
17.Apply tools used at each stage of the information cycle in collecting quality data.
18.Operate SmartCare system to improve the quality of health services.
COURSE CONTENT
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS
1.1 Definition of terms
1.2 Introduction to Management Information system
1.3 Health Information System (HMIS)
1.4 District Health Information System design and principles
1.5 Information use in Community diagnosis
UNIT 2: DATA PRODUCTION
2.1 Data collection
2.2 Introduction to the principles of Information
2.3 The Six ‘Ws’ principles of data collection The Information cycle
UNIT 3: USE OF DATA COLLECTION TOOLS
1.1 Data definitions
1.2 Sources of data
1.3 Types of HMIS tools and their purposes
1.4 The Information Cycle: Core elements and linkages
1.5 Tools and outputs of each element/stage
1.6 Data sets for health facility
1.7 Essential data sets
1.8 Information Pyramid
UNIT 4: DATA PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Aggregation of data
4.3 Conditions for efficient and correct data collection
4.4 Roles and responsibilities of health worker in data collection and processing
4.5 Data flow policy
4.6 Use of lifelong records.
UNIT 5: DATA QUALITY
5.1 Definition of quality
5.2 Importance of good data quality (3 Cs)
5.3 Legal and professional ethical requirements
5.4 Standards and standard operating procedures
5.5 Mechanisms for assessing data quality (Validations).
5.6 Assessment of data quality in health facilities
5.7 Supervisory roles in data quality
5.8 Common problems with data quality.
5.9 Typical problems in work environment and workflow actions to common problems
UNIT 6: DATA SECURITY, LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS
6.1 Security measures for authority of access
6.2 Prevention of destruction of data, (i.e. by moisture, insects, computer viruses, destruction of digital media,) or incompatibility of old and new computer systems.
6.3 Storage
6.3.1 Privacy protection/Confidentiality
6.3.2 Timeliness for archiving and retrieval of health data (HMIS data / Health records, Signature lists, etc)
UNIT 7 DATA ANALYSIS
7.3 Introduction to data analysis
7.4 Terms used in data analyses: Meaning and use
7.5 Indicator concepts
7.5.1 Ideal indicators (RAVES)
7.5.2 Types of indicators (Qualitative and Quantitative)
7.6 Epidemiological concepts in data analyses
7.7 Measurement and calculation formulas
7.8 Formulation of indicators for specific programs
7.9 The risks of data manipulation
UNIT 8: PRESENTATION OF DATA
8.1 Rationale for appropriate presentation of data
8.2 Presentation of data in simple tables
8.3 Types of graphs to present various types of date
8.4 Design of appropriate graphs for display of data
8.5 Practicals on generation of various data presentation graphs
UNIT 9: INTERPRETATION OF INFORMATION
9.1 Data handling processes for interpretation.
9.2 Factors influencing the interpretation of information
9.3 Preparation for interpretation: Essential ingredients
9.4 Interpretation as a tool in decision-making
UNIT 10: FEEDBACK ON DATA
10.1 Rationale for feedback.
10.2 Mechanisms for giving and receiving feedback: CRISP
10.3 Data flow policy and feedback mechanism
10.4 Strategies for appropriate feedback
10.5 Presentation of benchmark results
10.6 Feedback and staff motivation
UNIT 11: INFORMATION USE
11.1 Types of action plans in the health sector
11.2 Elements of action plans
11.3 Planning and management:
11.4 Baseline surveys
11.5 Indicators as link between planning and planning cycle
11.6 Monitoring & Evaluation
11.6.1 Definitions
11.6.2 Types of monitoring
11.6.3 Types of evaluation
11.6.4 Importance of M & E in Project management/cycle
UNIT 12: HEALTH INFORMATICS (SMARTCARE)
12.1 Introduction to SmartCare
12.2 Definition of terms
12.3 Equipment used in SmartCare
12.4 Security system
12.5 Understanding clients records/personal health information
12.6 SmartCare services and running reports
UNIT 13: LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
13.1 Public Health Act Sec. 9 and 10
13.2 ICT policy (Current One)
MATERIALS /EQUIPMENT
1. Computers
2. Calculators
3. Graph Papers
TRAINING METHODS
1. E-Lectures
2. Practical
3. Demonstrations
4. Field visits
5. Group discussions
|
CONTACT HOURS: |
64 HOURS |
|
1. Lectures |
2 hours per week |
|
2. Practical
ASSESSMENT METHODS |
2 hours per week |
|
1. Continuous assessment |
40 % |
|
1.1 2 Tests |
20% |
|
1.2 2 Assignments |
10% |
|
1.3 Practical (computer lab)
|
10% |
|
2. Final Examinations |
60% |
|
2.1 Theory |
40% |
|
2.2 Practical |
20% |
PRESCRIBED READINGS
Accessible to Registered Members Only
RECOMMENDED READINGS
Accessible to Registered Members Only
Visit our e-Hub Portal @ https://kermihub.kermiz.com
Click on Go to the COURSE Now